Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation's NASA NextSTEP contract has obligated a cumulative $1.61 billion since 2015, USAspending.gov records show, funding Cygnus-derived exploration habitation concepts under an award that remains active through 2029.

The California Institute of Technology holds a $1.47 billion total obligation under NASA contract 80NM0018F0850 to operate the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) as a federally funded research and development center. The contract includes management of NASA's Deep Space Network and runs through September 2028.